Introduction
·
Man is a social animal. His
various needs are satisfied as he lives in the society.
·
Society consists of many
institutions like family.
·
The state came into existence
in order to create peace security and an atmosphere congenial to the development
of every member of the society.
·
The individual in his
relationship with the state is known as citizen.
·
Civics is a social science
that deals with the role a citizen.
Civics-Its
meaning:
·
Civics is a science that
deals with moulding individuals into citizens.
·
Early city-states were known
as Civitas and their independent inhabitants as 'Civis" The
word civics' is derived from these two terms.
·
According to Dr. E. M. White:
"Civics is the subject that deals with everything pertaining to the citizen-the
past, present and future; local, national and international."
Nature and Scope:
Society
and individual:
·
The mutual and inseparable
relationship between individual and society is the main subject of civics.
·
Individuals imbibe virtues
like cooperation, compassion, tolerance and honesty through social interactions.
·
Society progresses because of
its individuals.
·
A stable and healthy
relationship between the individual and society ensures the well-being of
both.
Citizenship:
·
Every person is a citizen
of a country .He is expected to discharge certain responsibilities.
·
Civics helps citizens to
realize and discharge their duties effectively.
·
Of late, the idea of
citizenship has evolved from the concept of single citizenship to dual and
world citizenship.
Rights and Duties:
·
Citizenship involves both rights
and duties.
·
Society makes progress, if
the citizens are aware of their rights and conscious about their duties.
·
Civics makes the citizens aware
of their rights and conscious about their duties.
Importance
of Civics:
Helps
in creating ideal citizens:
·
A person who is enlightened
and behaves in a responsible manner is regarded as an ideal citizen.
·
An ideal citizen believes in
peaceful coexistence, spirit of friendship and tolerance.
·
He has better
understanding of the problems the nation faces and willingly initiates
remedies. Civics facilitates the moulding of such ideal citizens.
Helps in generating the spirit of social obligation:
·
Civics inspires the people to
participate in various socially useful projects.
·
It also prompts the citizens
to take a keen interest in issues through the spirit of social
obligation.
Helps
in ordering the loyalties:
·
We tend to be loyal to our
immediate social units, e.g. the family.
·
As a social being, the sense
of loyalty of an individual gradually extends wider to include society,
region and nation.
·
Loyalty crises do occur at
times due to conflicts in loyalties. The study of Civics helps in
solving such crises.
·
Civics inculcates, in the
minds of the citizens, the need to put wider interests like the national
interests above the narrower ones like personal interests.
Helps
in creating social harmony:
·
In a country like ours where
great diversity exists, maintaining social harmony is of great
importance.
·
We have people following different
religions, speaking different languages and belonging to distinct cultures.
·
Engaging them in constructive
dialogue and having mutual respect for each other's way of life are
essential for the national unity.
·
The study of Civics helps to strengthen
the spirit of national integration amongst the citizens.
Helps
in bringing about social reforms:
·
Reforming society involves
the eradication of traditions and customs which are not conducive
to social progress.
·
It also means the
establishment of values unjust social customs and practices.
·
In spite of being proved
baseless by modern science, many undesirable social practices like untouchability
and dowry are still prevalent in our society.
·
The study of Civics helps to
develop a scientific temper and to follow socially correct behaviour.
Using science for human welfare:
·
Technological advancement has
made human life comfortable and easy
·
It has also brought in its
wake violence and terrorism.
·
Weapons of mass
destruction remain a threat to humanity.
·
To prevent self-destruction,
people should observe restraint and act rationally.
·
The study of Civics educates
people to grow and nurture the spirit of wisdom and reason.
Answer
the following questions in one sentence each: [1 mark]
Define
Civics.
Dr. E. M. White: "Civics is the subject that deals with
everything pertaining to the citizen-the past, present and future; local,
national and international."
Why
man is called a social animal?
Man is called a social animal because his needs are satisfied
living in the society.
What
is civics?
The Civics is a social science that deals with the role a
citizen and moulding individuals into citizens.
Who
is a citizen?
The individual in his relationship with the state is known as
citizen.
Who
is an ideal citizen?
An ideal citizen is the one who is enlightened and behaves in a
responsible manner.
Why
do individuals need society?
Individuals need society because their natural attributes
develop when they live in society and society helps them to satisfy their
various needs and develop their personality.
Name
the different institutions in a society.
A society has institutions like a family, religious and
financial. The state also is one of these
institutions.
Why
did the state come into existence?
The state came into existence in order to establish peace and
security in society and an atmosphere congenial to the development of every
member of the society.
Write
the origin of the word Civics'.
The word 'Civics' is derived from the terms, Civitas', i.e.
early city-states, and their independent inhabitants known as 'civis', the word
civics' is derived from these two terms.
What
is the relationship between civics and the progress of the country?
Civics is a social science which studies the role and behaviour
of citizens, good and responsible behaviour of citizens ensures progress of the
country.
What
is the role of civics in times of changes in society?
Changes in society change the responsibility of the citizens;
Civics makes people aware of these changes affecting their lives.
What
is the main subject of civics?
The mutual and inseparable relationship between individual and
society is the main subject of civics.
Name
the virtues imbibed by living in a society?
Virtues like cooperation, compassion, tolerance and honesty are
imbibed by individuals through social interactions.
What
will ensure the well-being of both society and the individual?
Society progresses because of its individuals therefore a stable
and healthy relationship between the individual and society will ensure the
well-being of both.
How
does civics help citizens in discharging their duties?
Every person is a citizen of a country and is expected to
discharge certain responsibilities; Civics helps citizens to realize and
discharge their duties effectively.
What
are the recent changes in the concept of citizenship?
The traditional concept of single citizenship is being replaced
by those of the dual citizenship and the world citizenship.
How
does civics inter-relate rights and duties?
Citizenship involves both rights and duties, a society makes
progress, if the citizens are aware of their rights and conscious about their
duties; Civics makes the citizens aware of their rights and conscious about
their duties.
To
whom should a citizen show his loyalty?
A citizen should be loyal towards his the family, society,
region and
What
do you understand by the spirit of social obligation?
The spirit of social obligation implies a desire to do something
useful for society and to participate in socially useful projects.
Why
should the loyalty to the nation be put before the loyalty to the region?
The loyalty to the nation should be put before the loyalty to
the region because national unity and integrity is of greater importance
compared to that of the regional interests.
What
is essential to promote national integration?
A sense of unity and mutual respect for each other’s the way of
life, culture, religion and language of others are essential to promote
national integration.
What
does an ideal citizen believe in?
An ideal citizen believes in peaceful coexistence, spirit of
friendship and tolerance.
How
does an ideal citizen react to the problems of the nation?
As an ideal citizen has a better understanding of the problems
of the nation he initiates the remedies.
What
is the aim of Civics?
Civics aims at creating good and ideal citizens.
What
do you understand by reforming the society?
Reforming society involves the eradication of traditions and
customs which are not conducive to social progress and the establishment of
values like equality, justice and freedom.
Which
unjust social customs and practices are still prevalent in our society?
The Many undesirable social practices like untouchability, dowry
system, the Sati system, female infanticide and many other superstitious
beliefs are still prevalent in our society.
How
does civics help in dealing with unjust social customs and practices?
The study of Civics helps to develop a scientific temper and to
follow socially correct behaviour in dealing with unjust social customs and
practices.
How
is advancement of science and technology a threat to mankind?
Science and technology has enabled negative minded people to use
its tremendous power for creating weapons of mass destruction
How
can we prevent the world from mass destructions?
We can prevent the world from self-destruction if people observe
restraint and act rationally.
How
does the study of civics help us cope with negative impact of science?
The study of Civics educates people to grow, nurture the spirit
of wisdom, observe restraint and act rationally.
Give
reasons 25 to 30 words 2 marks each
The
relationship between the individual and the society is inseparable.
The relationship between the individual and society is
inseparable, because
1.
Man is a social animal.
Society is essential for the development of personality of an individual and
for satisfaction of his wants.
2.
A society can make progress
due to its members-individuals.
3.
A stable and healthy
relationship ensures well-being of the individual as well as society.
Every
right has a corresponding duty"
Every right has a
corresponding duty, because
A person enjoys certain
rights as a citizen.
The social progress necessitates that citizens be conscious of
their rights as well as duties.
Ordering
of loyalties is essential.
Ordering of loyalties is essential, because
1.
We have loyalty towards our
family, society, region and nation.
2.
There can be a conflict of
loyalties towards a region or nation.
3.
Civics teaches us the
principle that larger national interests are above narrow personal interests.
Social
harmony is essential in India.
Social harmony is essential in India, because
1.
People following different
religions, speaking different languages and having different cultures have been
living in India for ages
2.
Mutual dialogue and respect
for each other's way of life is essential for national unity.
There
is ample scope for social reforms in India.
There is ample scope for social reforms in India, because
1.
Many undesirable customs are
being practiced.
2.
Unjust customs like
untouchability, dowry and superstitious practices are still prevalent.
3.
Eradication of such practices
is conducive to social progress.
QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Answer
the following questions 25 to 30 words each: (2 marks each)
Define
Civics and explain its importance.
Definition: Dr. E. M. White defines “Civics as subject that
deals with everything pertaining to citizens-past, present and future; local,
national and international".
Importance:
1.
Civics aims at creating good
and ideal citizens.
2.
Civics develops a keen
interest in public issues through the spirit of social obligation in the
citizens.
3.
Civics helps the citizens to order
their loyalties and makes them put national interests above the narrower
personal interests.
4.
The study of Civics helps to
strengthen the spirit of national integration amongst the citizens.
5.
Civics helps to develop a
scientific temper and to follow socially correct behaviour.
6.
Civics helps to educate people
to grow and nurture the spirit of wisdom and reason.
How
does civics facilitate social reforms?
1.
Reforming society involves
the eradication of the traditions and customs which are not conducive to social
progress.
2.
Civics tries to establish the
values like equality, justice and freedom and correct social conduct.
3.
This helps to root out the undesirable
social practices like untouchability.
4.
It also helps the citizens to
develop a scientific temper which enables them to do away with superstitious
beliefs and outworn customs.
Describe the social responsibilities of an
individual.
The social responsibilities of an individual are as follows:
1.
An individual should imbibe
virtues like cooperation, compassion, tolerance and honesty through social
interactions.
2.
He should participate in
socially useful projects and take keen interest in the public issues through
the spirit of social obligation.
3.
He should put the national
interests above the personal interests.
4.
He should work towards social
harmony.
5.
He should assume the
responsibility of bringing about social reforms.
6.
He should develop a
scientific temper and use science for human welfare.
Explain
the scope of Civics.
The scope of Civics is as under:
Individual and society: The inseparable mutual relationship between
the individual and society is the main subject of Civics.
Social institutions: Society consists of family, religious and financial
institutions.
Citizenship: Every person is a citizen of some state. The
concept of citizenship has expanded from single to dual and to world
citizenship.
Rights and Duties: Every citizen enjoys a number of rights and
has corresponding duties.
Write
short notes on the following in 25 to 30 words each : (2 marks each)
Civics
and social harmony:
1.
People following different
religions, speaking different languages and belonging to distinct cultures
should engage themselves in constructive mutual dialogue.
2.
They should have respect for
each other's way of life to create social harmony.
3.
The study of Civics makes a
person aware of these factors and prompts him to work towards creating and
maintaining social harmony.
4.
It helps to strengthen the
spirit of national integration.
Ordering
of loyalties:
1.
We are loyal to our immediate
social units like the family.
2.
Our loyalties then extend to
cover our society, region and the nation
3.
We face loyalty crises, like
the conflict between our regional and national loyalties.
4.
The study of Civics helps us to
order our loyalties in a socially beneficial way by overcoming the narrow and localized
loyalties.
Individual
and Society:
1.
Man's various needs are
satisfied by society.
2.
The development of the
personality of every individual takes place within society and through various
social institutions.
3.
His natural attributes
develop when he lives in society.
4.
Every individual imbibes
virtues like cooperation, compassion, tolerance and honesty by living in
society.
Citizenship:
Every individual, in relation to the state, is a citizen of a country,
As a citizen, he is entitled to certain rights and is expected
to perform some specific duties.
Citizenship is a relationship between the citizen and his state.
The concept of single citizenship has undergone change and the concepts
of dual and world citizenship have emerged in its place.
Social
Reforms:
1.
Reforming society means the
eradication of undesirable traditions and customs like untouchability, dowry,
etc. which are not conducive to social progress.
2.
The study of civics gives us
a sense of direction to reform society.
3.
It also helps us to establish
values like equality, justice and freedom in society to ensure social progress.
Science
and human welfare:
1.
Advancement in science and technology
made human life comfortable and easy.
2.
But technological advancement
has also caused massive increase in crime, violence and terrorism.
3.
Accumulated weapons of mass destruction
pose a grave threat to the existence of humanity.
4.
The way to prevent
self-destruction is to apply restraint and think rationally.
5.
The study of civics educates
people to grow and nurture the spirit of wisdom and reason.
What
are the objectives of the State?
The objectives of the state are:
1.
To establish peace and
security in the society
2.
To protect life and property
of the citizens
3.
To create an atmosphere
congenial to the development of human
personality
What
are the responsibilities of an ideal citizen towards his country?
The responsibilities of an ideal citizen towards his country
are:
1.
He should have an
understanding of the problems of his country
2.
He should be willing to
initiate remedies
3.
He should accord priority to
the larger loyalty towards his nation.
How
does study of civics help in making use of science for human welfare?
1.
The study of science educates
people in acquiring the spirit of wisdom and reasoning.
2.
It teaches people to exercise
self restrain and act rationally
3.
Thereby it prevents
destructive use of science and technology
State
the effects of advancement in science and technology, on human life.
Science and technology has both positive and negative effects.
Advancement in science and technology has made human life
comfortable and easy.
This advancement has also caused increase in crime, violence and
terrorism. Accumulated weapons of mass destruction pose a grave threat to the
very existence of humanity.
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